перемычки для кирпичных стен
Проем №7.
Подбираем перемычку для проема шириной 1,0 м в несущей стене толщиной 380 мм с опиранием перекрытия с одной стороны.
Здесь нужно обратить внимание на то, что пакет будет состоять из разных перемычек. Со стороны опирания перекрытия устанавливается несущая перемычка (несущая способность – не менее 800 кг/м, согласно общей части пояснительной записки серии 1.038.1-1). С той стороны, где плита не опирается можно установить перемычку, которая просто выдержит вес кладки.
Еще нужно знать, в каких случаях вообще нужно учитывать нагрузку от перекрытия, покрытия, балок и прочих несущих элементов. Согласно СНиП «Каменные и армокаменные конструкции»:
Получается, чтобы определить, нужна ли несущая перемычка, надо подсчитать высоту кладки над ней и сравнить эту высоту кладки с расчетным пролетом перемычки. Если высота кладки больше расчетного пролета (при строительстве в летних условиях), то несущая перемычка не нужна. Объяснить это просто: при определенной высоте стене над проемом достаточно собственной несущей способности, помощь перемычки ей тогда не нужна.
Если несущая перемычка нужна, то подсчет нагрузки на нее отличается от подсчета нагрузки на ненесущие перемычки.
Из текста пояснительной записки видно, что помимо собственного веса перемычки нужно учитывать нагрузку от всей высоты кладки (постоянная), от веса перекрытия (постоянная), а также временную нагрузку на перекрытие.
Проем №8.
Подбираем перемычку для проема шириной 2,0 м в несущей стене толщиной 380 мм с опиранием перекрытия с одной стороны.
Еще статьи на тему перемычек:
Еще полезные статьи:
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Because of this function, bitcoins are referred to as «per bitcoins»,
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